Hollow fiber membranes have emerged/are gaining traction/present a novel as an essential component in numerous industrial processes. Their unique structure, characterized by a continuous fiber/tubular/walled configuration with a porous membrane layer, allows for/facilitates/enables efficient separat

Polyvinylidene fluoride membranes (PVDF) have emerged as a promising technology in wastewater treatment due to their strengths such as high permeate flux, chemical durability, and low fouling propensity. This article provides a comprehensive evaluation of the efficacy of PVDF membrane bioreactors (M

This study investigates the effectiveness of Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) membrane bioreactors in wastewater treatment. Multiple operational parameters, including membranestructure, influx, and MLSS level, were examined to determine their influence on the efficiency of the bioreactors. Results ind